农村金融排斥问题探析及破解之道

Studying and Resolving on the Problem of Rural Financial Exclusion

中国金融业在改革开放后的30年间一直保持着高速发展,但与此同时,金融机构设立在农村地区的营业网点被大量撤并,其市场重心已经向城市转移,农村地区金融服务的可得性普遍下滑。从供给与需求两个角度对中国农村社区的金融排斥现象进行研究,结果发现由于经济发展水平和地理位置等等原因,中国农村地区不仅普遍存在金融排斥现象,且在不同地区之间金融排斥程度也存在差异。为有效降低农村地区金融排斥程度,应该扶持新型农村金融机构发展,协调好金融机构盈利诉求与社会责任之间的关系,提供更完善的金融产品体系,重视并加强金融知识普及教育。

This paper studies the phenomenon of rural financial exclusion from the per- spectives of supplying and demanding,finds that the phenomenon of rural financial exclusion does exist universally in rural areas with different seriousness,which is decided by the level of economic development and geographical location. To lower the degrees of rural financial ex- clusion,this paper suggests to support the development of new rural financial institutions,co- ordinate the relationship between the profit pursuit and social responsibility in financial insti- tutions, supply a more perfect systerm of financial products, and strengthen the universal edu- cation of financial basic knowledge.