独行菜和播娘蒿化学成分及药理作用研究进展

Research progress in chemical constituents of Lepidium apetalum and Descurainia sophia and their pharmacological activities

独行菜Lepidium apetalum和播娘蒿Descurainia sophia分别系十字花科独行菜属和播娘蒿属植物,其种子入药分别称为北葶苈子和南葶苈子。现已从2种植物中分离得到了异硫氰酸和硫苷类成分,以及强心苷、黄酮、三萜、甾醇、香豆素、生物碱、酚酸、挥发油、脂肪油、氨基酸等成分。这两种植物对心血管、高血脂等疾病具有显著功效,所含的成分具有降压、抗癌、细胞毒、抗氧化等药理活性。对独行菜和播娘蒿的化学成分及药理作用研究进行分类汇总和比较,为进一步研究常用中药葶苈子提供参考。

Descurainia sophia and Lepidium apetalum, belonging to Cruciferae （Brassiaceae） family, are widely distributed in China, and their seeds are commonly called ＂Nan Tinglizi＂ and ＂Bei Tinglizi＂ in Chinese, respectively. So far large quantity of unique glucosinolate degradation products such as isosulfocyanic acids and thioglycosides have been isolated from the two plants, together with other types of active principles, such as cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, sterols, cumarins, alkaloids, phenolic acids, volatile oils, fixed oils, and amino acids. The two plants have the significant effects on cadiovascular diseases and hyperlipemia, and the active principles have entitled the plant to serve several different bioactivities including antihypertensive, anticarcinogenic, cytotoxic, and antioxidative effects. This paper reviews in detail the categorization of chemical constituents from L. apetalum and D. sophia and their pharmacological activities.