荷兰住房协会--社会住房建设和管理的非政府模式

Dutch Housing Association: A Model of Social Housing Built and Management by Non-governmental Organization

荷兰社会住房比例在全欧洲最高,其社会住房主要由住房协会建设和管理。文章追溯了住房协会的发展历程以及对荷兰政府不同住房政策的反应,总结了住房协会的双重二元特征:私人机构但是却承担了公共责任,是资金来源于政府的NGO组织。在1990年代资金独立之后,公共使命和从事市场活动成为了住房协会新的特征。文章还分析了住房协会在与政府、协会之间以及居民的关系中所扮演的的不同角色,反映了其各项职能。此外,对荷兰住房协会管理的模式进行了总结和反思,以期对我国的保障性住房建设提供借鉴和思考。

The share of Dutch social housing is the highest in the Europe Union and it is managed by housing association. This paper overviews the Dutch housing association development and its changes in built and management field according to changes of the housing policies. Dutch housing association has two dual-features before 1990s： private organization with public responsibility and private institution financed by government. But after the 1990s, Dutch housing association was financed independently. It also describes the role of housing association with government, tenants and between housing associations. The model of Dutch housing association could provide some insights for China＇s social housing construction and management.