哺乳期补饲大豆粕对断奶仔猪生产性能和肠道发育的影响

Effect of supplementary feeding with soybean meal during nursing period on the production performance and intestinal development in weaning piglets

为了考察断奶前大豆粕摄入量对仔猪生产性能及断奶后7天肠道发育情况的影响,试验采用单因子试验设计,选择胎次、母猪哺育性能、初生重相当的16日龄约荣哺乳仔猪4窝(40头),按体重随机分为5组,每组8头,对照组不饲喂大豆粕,1,2,3,4组分别饲喂28,56,84,112 g豆粕,测定了仔猪生产性能、相关酶活性及肠道指标。结果表明:1,4组仔猪日增重显著低于对照组(P<0.10),2,3组仔猪日增重与对照组差异不显著(P>0.10);对照组和4组仔猪在断奶后7天日增重明显低于其他组。与对照组相比,1,2,3,4组仔猪胰蛋白酶活性、胰脂肪酶活性、胃重量、单位肠道重量、回肠和空肠绒毛高度显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。说明在哺乳期给予56～84 g大豆粕作为抗原蛋白刺激物,对仔猪生产性能没有显著影响,并且能够明显改善仔猪断奶后7天的生产性能和肠道发育。

To investigate the effect of soybean meal intake on the production performance and intestinal development after weaning for 7 days in piglets, forty 16 - day - old nursing Yuerong piglets with similar parity, sow feeding performance and birth weight were randomly divided into 5 groups of 8 each according to the single - factor designs. The control group was not fed with soybean meal, and the other four groups were fed with 28 g, 56 g, 84 g and 112 g of soybean meal, respectively. And then, the production performance, related enzymes activity and intestinal indicators were measured. The results showed that the average daily gains （ADGs） of the piglets in the first and fourth group were significantly lower （P 〈0.10）than those in the control group, and the ADGs of the piglets in the second and third group had no significant differences（P 〉 0.10） compared with the control group. The ADGs of the piglets in the control and fourth group were significantly lower than those in the other groups after weaning for 7 days. Compared to the control group, tryptic activity, pancreatic lipase activity, stomach weight, per unit weight of intestine, villus heights of the ileum and jejunum were significantly or highly significantly increased （P 〈0.05 or P 〈0. O1 ）. It is concluded that 56 - 84 g of soybean meal as a stimulus for antigenic protein has no significant effect on production performance in piglets during nursing period, and can obviously improve the production performance and intestinal development in weaning piglets for 7 days.