基于生态心理学的汉语中动句生成动因探析

A Study on the Motivation of Middle Constructions in Chinese Based on Ecological Psychology

本文从生态心理学的视角对汉语中动句的生成动因进行考察,认为:(1)知觉点具有公共性导致施事具有任指性且隐含;(2)谓语动词应表示知觉者的探索活动,因此不能表示探索活动的动词不能出现在中动句里;(3)对环境的知觉伴随着对自我的知觉,与自我知觉相对应的是探索过程让知觉者产生的感受,因此AP结构中的形容词在语义上可以指向主语、施事或V+NP,当指向施事或V+NP时须是非自主形容词。

This paper discusses the motivation of middle constructions in Chinese based on ec- ological psychology. It proposes that ： （ 1 ） the common of perception leads the implied agent and ar- bitrary reference of middle verb ; （2） the middle verb expresses exploration activity of perceivers, so the verb which does not express exploration activity can＇ t appear in middle constructions ; （ 3 ） the perception of environment accompanies with self perception, and self perception in middle construc- tions corresponds to the feelings which exploration process gives perceivers. Thus semantic orienta- tion of adjectives in AP is to subject, agent or V ＋ NP, and when the semantic orientation is to agent or V ＋ NP, adjectives are non-volitional adjectives.