论歌德早年的古典学教育

On Education of Classical Knowledge in Goethe's Early Time

歌德之所以成为一位古典主义诗人,与他早年在法兰克福接受的古典学知识教育有内在关联。本文从两个方面对此问题展开分析:一、德国当时的古典学怎样直接与间接影响了歌德;二、歌德的家庭与法兰克福社会为歌德提供了怎样的古典知识教育。在歌德出生的年代,德国人开始重新发现古希腊罗马文化,大量的考古学发现也可以让人们看到古代的艺术。歌德早年在鉴赏古代艺术品及学习古典文化中逐渐培养起自己的古典心性,这潜在决定了他日后的文学道路。

To Goethe, being a classical poet had the internal relationships with the education of classical knowledge in Frankfurt when he was young. The authors analyzed the relationships from two aspects ： 1 ） How did the German classical studies at that time affect Goethe directly and indirectly？ 2） What kind of classical education did the family and the society of Frankfurt provide to Goethe？ The German rediscovered the ancient Greek and Roman culture when Goethe was born. A large number of archaeological findings made it possible that the people can see the ancient arts. When he appreciated the ancient arts and learned the classical knowledge, young Goethe gradually developed his interest in the classical cultures, and such interest determined his future literary road potentially.