儒家工夫中的理性与直觉——以李二曲的“静坐”与“澄原”工夫为例

The Rationality and Intuition of Confucian Moral Practice——Base on the Li Erqu's Moral Practice of Meditation and Traceability

理性直觉是儒家体道的不二法门,它基于天道与人心同一、人心能够体道的原则。儒家主张向内直觉体验。这种理性直觉与佛道强调空寂的直觉体验有着本质的区别。李二曲道德哲学所提出的"静坐"与"澄源"的工夫论主张"动"、"静"相宜,强调道德主体通过静默返照的修养工夫使心体之本然朗现,进而达到天理流行、浑然与物同体的精神境界。这种理性的直觉同时使二曲的道德形而上与审美呈现出一体化的特征。

Rational intuition is an important Confucian method to realize the Tao, which is based on the principle that Tao and the mind are in unity , and man could realize the Tao. Confucians advo cates inward intuition experience. There are essential differences between this rational and intuitive method and Buddhist and Taoist intuition experiences which emphasize solitude. Li Erqus moral philosophy puts forward meditation and traceability, which holds that the dynamic and the static are in mutual coordination, and emphasizes that man can purify his heart through meditation practice and a chieve a kind of aesthetic experience.