微地震技术在裂缝监测中的应用研究

The application of micro-seismic technology in fracture monitoring

论述压裂过程中诱发微地震的激发机理,分析人造裂缝与地应力关系并叙述了微震事件的定位方法。利用微地震监测技术,通过实时定位理论系统对深凹区BYHF1井页岩水平井分段大型压裂过程实时监测,运用偶极子测井和VSP资料建立监测井区的初始速度模型,并通过射孔炮对其校正。在对实时监测定位理论系统数据进行综合处理分析,及有效微震事件识别的基础上,利用纵波和横波信息分析计算得到微地震事件的位置,通过可视化技术对压裂井区裂缝发育的方向、大小、空间分布进行了描述,监测结果是裂缝发育方向基本上为NE34°,与成像测井结果吻合良好。

This paper discusses the stimulating mechanism of inducing micro-seismic in the fracturing process, analyzes the relationship between artificial fractures and crustal stress and describes the orientation method of seismic events. Using the micro-seismic monitoring technology, we monitored in real-time the Well BYHF1 horizontal fracturing process by real-time positioning theory system. Based on the dipole logging and VSP data, the initial velocity model of monitoring area was established, which can be calibrated through perforation gun. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of real-time monitoring system data and identification of effective seismic events, we calculated the position of micro-seismic events using the information of compression and shear wave analysis. The direction, size, space distribution of fractures of fracturing direcetl-block was described in detail using visualization technology, and the monitoring results show that the direction of fractures are mainly NE34, which is basically coincided with the results of imaging logging.