黑山煤田构造控煤作用与赋煤规律

Structural controlling coal and coal occurrence regularity in Heishan coalfield,Inner Mongolia

在分析黑山煤田区域构造背景和勘查资料的基础上,论述了构造运动对煤层赋存的控制作用,并以三种控煤构造组合形式揭示了本区的基本赋煤规律。聚煤期同沉积构造控制着含煤性在空间上的变化;印支期NWW向褶皱对煤层的赋存起着关键的控制作用;喜山晚期张性和走滑断层,破坏了煤层的连续性,并控制了煤田东、西部残留煤系的埋藏深度。逆冲——褶皱和断裂——单斜式控煤构造组合中,逆断层上盘煤层抬升而利于勘查开采,但规模有限;褶皱——断裂式控煤构造组合中,复式向斜之次级背斜区,煤系上覆地层受剥蚀,煤层埋藏较浅,为主要的有利勘查区。

Based on the analysis of the regional tectonic background and data of exploration,structural control action of tectonic movement on coal seam hosting were discussed.Three coal-controlld structural styles reviewed in the paper have recvealed occurrence regularity of coal measure.The coal-bearing property was controlled by syndeposi-tional structures.The NWW folds appeared exert the most important controlling effects on coal seaman hosting,which was formed at Indo-Chinese epoch.The tensional fracture and strike-slip fault disturbed the continuity of coal measure strata,which was formed at the late stage of Himalayan period.In addition the depth of coal seam was controlled by them in eastern and western coalfield.In the thrust fault-fold and fault-monocline zone,the coal seam in the hanging wall of reverse fault is uplifted to the shallow and easy to exploration,but the scale of mines is small.In the fold-fault zone,subordinate anticline of synclinorium is the main favourable exploration areas for coal resource,because the overlying strata of are denude and buried depth of coal beam becomes shallower.