氯嘧磺隆对土壤微生物数量,酶活性及呼吸强度的影响

Effect of Chlorimuron-ethyl on Soil Microbial Number,Enzyme Activity and Respiration

氯嘧磺隆是一类高效广谱除草剂,研究其对土壤微生物的影响对其合理使用具有重要意义。通过室内瓶培养实验研究了不同浓度氯嘧磺隆对土壤呼吸强度、土壤微生物数量和土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明:氯嘧磺隆施入土壤2周后,可明显提高土壤呼吸强度,且浓度越大,提高效果越明显;氯嘧磺隆施入土壤1周后,不同浓度氯嘧磺隆处理均可提高土壤细菌和放线菌数量,45d时表现出抑制作用,60d可恢复到对照水平;氯嘧磺隆对土壤真菌数量表现为抑制作用,而后恢复到对照水平,45d时田间施用量可抑制土壤真菌的增殖,但60d可恢复到对照水平。土壤培养前1周,氯嘧磺对土壤过氧化氢酶、土壤转化酶、土壤脲酶活性均表现出不同程度的抑制作用,且浓度越大抑制作用越明显。之后三种酶表现出一定的激活作用,培养60d可恢复到对照水平。以上试验结果可为合理施用氯嘧磺隆提供理论依据。

Chlorimuron-ethyl is a kind of herbicide with high efficiency and broad spectrum,It is of great significance for reasonable use that the research on effect of chlorimuron-ethyl on soil microorganism.By bottle experinment indoor,effect of chlorimuron-ethyl concentration on soil respiration,soil microbe and soil enzyme activity was investigated.The results showed that soil respiration was stimulated during the first two weeks after the application of chlorimuron-ethyl of the experimental concentration（0.3,3,15,30 μg/kg）,and Chlorimuron-ethyl stimulated significantly respiration of soil with increase of concentration.The number of soil bacteria and actinomyces were stimulated during one weeks after the application of chlorimuron-ethyl.The number of bacteria was inhibited at the 45th day with the chlorimuron-ethyl of the 15,30 μg/kg,but the effects were temporary and recovered at the 60th day.The activities of catalase,invertase and urease in soil were inhibited at the 7th day after application of chlorimuron-ethyl,chlorimuron-ethyl inhibited significantly activities of soil catalase and urease with increase of concentration,then the activities of soil catalase,invertase and urease were stimulated at the end of culture and the activities of three enzymes were recovered.The above results offered the theoretical basis for the application of chlorinuron-ethyl to field.