宁镇扬丘陵区土地利用空间结构的分形研究——以镇江市为例

Fractal Analysis on Spacial Structure of Land Use in Ning-Zhan-Yang Hilly Area——A Case Study of Zhenjiang

基于镇江市的土地利用数据,利用分形理论和GIS空间分析方法,探讨了镇江市土地利用空间结构特征。结果表明:镇江市的土地利用空间结构总体上呈分形特征,各土地利用类型分维数D介于1.075～1.234;分维数D从大到小的顺序依次为:水域>林地>建设用地>其他农用地>园地>耕地,而稳定性指数Ssk介于0.2～0.4之间的土地利用类型面积占研究区土地总面积的40%左右,土地利用空间结构的稳定性总体不高;地形地貌对土地利用有着重要影响,各土地利用类型在相同地貌特征下的分维数和稳定性指数存在差异,同时同一土地利用类型的分维数和稳定性指数在不同地貌区也存在着显著的分异规律;耕地和林地在镇西丘陵区和镇东平原区呈现出相异的分形特征,建设用地、水域在镇东平原区的空间结构稳定性较低、复杂性较高。

Based on the data of Zhenjiang land use status,using fractal theory and the GIS spatial analysis method,the land use fractal characteristics of Zhenjiang hilly area was analyzed and discussed.Some conclusions were drawn as followings.In general,the fractal characteristics of spacial structure of land use is significant in Zhenjiang,all the land-use types have fractal characteristics and the fractal dimension D values vary from 1.075 to 1.234,the descending order of land use types fractal dimension is water body,forestland,construction land,other agricultural land,garden land,cultivated land;while the descending order of stability indices is cultivated land,garden land,other agricultural land,construction land,forest land,water;40 percent of areas hold the stability indices form 0.2 to 0.4,which shows the total stability is in a bad condition.The land use of the fractal dimension and stability index of three regions of Zhenjiang is much different,the same land type fractal dimension and stability index in different areas are different.Cultivated land and forestland fractal features present diversity characteristics in the west of hilly region and the east of plain region,construction land and water body space structure stability is low and the complexity is high in the east of plain region.Fractal dimension can be used as an effective index in the researches for land use structure in the hilly area.