黑龙江省黑土区近50年来四季气温时空变化特征分析

Spatiotemporal Variations of Air Temperature over the Last 50 Years in Black Soil Area of Heilongjiang Province

基于黑龙江省黑土区24个市县1961—2010年的逐日气温数据,运用空间插值分析和趋势性分析,从空间和时间上对黑龙江省黑土区四季气温空间变化特征进行分析。结果表明,在全球变暖的背景下,黑龙江省黑土区全年及平均气温的空间变化趋势比较一致,皆是由北向南逐渐升高,并且高温区逐渐向北移动。50a来黑土区平均气温明显上升,四季气温在时间变化上存在季节性差异,尤其是春、冬季升温显著,且冬季升温大于春季,说明冬季增暖对年平均气温升高贡献最大。10a平均气温最大负距平出现在1961—1970年的冬季,最大正距平出现在1981—1990年的秋季。

Based on daily temperature data at 24 meteorological stations from 1961 to 2010 in black soil area of Heilongjiang Province,spatiotemporal variations of seasonal temperature change were analyzed with methods of spatial interpolation and a linear trend analysis.Under the condition of global warming,it showed that the annual mounting trend of air temperature in Heilongjiang Province was quite similar in the range of space.They increased gradually from north to south and high temperature region moved to north.Seasonal differences were found in seasonal temperature in black soil area of Heilongjiang Province.In recent 50 years,the mean temperature tended to rise obviously,especially in winter and spring with the former larger than the latter.The results showed that the largest contribution in mean temperature rising was winter.The maximum negative anomaly observed in winter of 1960s.The maximum positive anomaly observed in autumn of 1980s.