冀北山地森林土壤水文效应研究

Hydrological Effects of Forest Soil in Mountain Area of Northern Hebei

森林土壤水文效应是森林生态水文功能的基础。从森林土壤的容重、孔隙度、持水能力和入渗能力等方面,研究了冀北山地6种典型森林的土壤水文效应。结果表明:土壤容重方面,落叶松纯林最大(1.21g/cm3),白桦纯林最小(1.00g/cm3);土壤孔隙度方面,白桦纯林总孔隙度最大(50.75%),油松蒙古栎混交林总孔隙度最小(42.58%);土壤持水能力方面,油松纯林的有效持水量最大(241.00t/hm2),落叶松纯林的最小(57.75t/hm2)。土壤入渗能力方面,油松纯林的稳渗速率最大(15.00mm/min),落叶松纯林的稳渗速率最小(0.68mm/min)。

Hydrological effects of forest soil are the foundation of the ecological and hydrological functions of forest.The hydrological effects of forest soil were studied based on soil bulk density,porosity,soil water holding capacity and infiltration capacity in six typical forest types of the mountain area,Northern Hebei,China.The result showed that the highest and lowest mean bulk densities were 1.21 g/cm3 and 1.00 g/cm3 in soils of Larix principic-rupprechtii pure forest and Betula platyphylla pure forest,respectively;the highest and lowest total porosity values were 50.75% and 42.58% in soils of B.platyphylla pure forest and Pinus tabulaeformis-Quercus mongolica mixed forest,respectively.The soil water holding capacity of P.tabulaeformis pure forest was the most powerful and amounted to 241.00 t/hm2,and L.principic-rupprechtii pure forest was the worst and the value was 57.75 t/hm2.As for soil infiltration capacity,the highest and lowest steady infiltration rates were 15.00 mm/min and 0.68 mm/min in soils of P.tabulaeformis pure forest and L.principic-rupprechtii pure forest,respectively.