西安市土地利用变化及其生态系统服务价值研究

Study on Land Use Change and Its Ecosystem Service Value of Xi′an City

基于西安市1989—2009年的土地利用基础数据,以1989年为基准年,研究西安市土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响。结果表明:(1)研究区内1989—2009年土地利用变化较快,耕地、水域、草地、未利用地面积减少,建设用地、林地面积增加,土地利用综合指数下降了7.25;(2)研究区1989—2003年生态系统服务价值减少(2.60亿元),主要是因为建筑用地面积增加等造成的,2004年生态系统服务价值增加,2004—2009年生态系统服务价值在2004年的基础上减少了3.73亿元,此期间内耕地林地面积的减少、建设用地面积增加成为生态服务价值减少的主要影响因素。研究表明,西安市土地利用结构决定生态服务价值,生态服务价值反映了土地利用结构的生态优劣。

According to the basic data of land use in Xi′an from 1989 to 2009,and taking 1989 as the base year,the effects of land use change on the ecosystem service value in Xi′an was analyzed.The results showed：（1） land use change of Xi′an was significant over the past 20 years,the integrated land use index fell by 7.25,farmland,water body,grassland and the unused land were shifted to construction land,woodland,garden and wetland;（2） the value of ecosystem service decreased from 1989 to 2003（2.60×108 Yuan）,construction land increase was the main reason,the value of ecosystem service increased by 9.74×108 Yuan in 2004,the value decreased from 2004 to 2009,and decreased by 3.73×108 Yuan.The main reason why the values of ecosystem service decreased to a considerable extent was the large scale transformation of cultivated land and forest land to construction land.The results indicate that ecosystem service value is determined by land utilization and ecosystem service value represented the degree of land utilization in Xi′an.