建立木质渔船淘汰机制的策略研究

Elimination mechanism of the wooden fishing vessel

我国木质渔船占有相当大的比重,普遍存在老旧船多、小船多、船型混乱、技术性能低下、安全性差、能耗高、维护费用高、森林资源耗费大等问题,不符合现代渔船发展的要求。文章系统分析了现有渔船管理政策,表明现有渔船管理法律法规不完善,难成体系;管理制度之间不协调,缺乏可操作的渔船强制报废制度;科研滞后,更新改造缺少技术支持。同时提出了建立木质渔船淘汰机制的政策建议:推动《渔业法》修订工作,建立系统完善的渔船退出制度;限制木质渔船制建造;加大对木质捕捞渔船拆解更新的资金补贴;加强木质渔船更新改造的技术研发,促进木质渔船更新改造。

The wooden fishing vessel occupies a considerable proportion in China, which is aged small type confusion, poor performance and safety, higher energy consumption and maintenance cost, with much more forest resources consumption, etc. This does not accord with the requirement of developing modem fishing vessel. This paper analyzes the fishing vessel management policies at present, which indicates that the fishing vessel management laws and regulations is not perfect and systematic; incoordination in different management systems, lack of operable fishing vessel mandatory scrapping regulations; backwardness of scientific research, lack of upgrading technical support. The paper suggests building wooden fishing vessel elimination mechanism policies： to promote the fishery law revision, and set up systematic wooden fishing vessel elimination regulations; restrict building wooden fishing vessel; increase subsidies for wooden fishing research and development technology, as well as promote renewal and vessel dismantling and update; strengthen transformation of wooden fishing vessel.