近年来诺贝尔医学奖中的伦理学思考

Ethical Considerations on the Nobel Prize in Medicine

诺贝尔医学奖授奖史上的医学科研伦理学问题值得深入发掘。2007年该奖的授奖项目——基因打靶可分解为转基因学、同源重组、胚胎干细胞和基因敲除等4部分。而2007年该奖背后的一些事情也引发了科研伦理学思考。在课题审批权方面,卡耐基的课题因为成功率太小被拒绝,但其通过用别的课题经费继续他的实验设计,获得了成功,其认为尽管决定错误,但也无伤大雅,这就为科研课题审批中的瑕疵开了绿灯。在科研合作方面,埃文思将自己的成果介绍给了史密斯和卡佩基,造成了没有共同署名论文的合作,这种合作值得进行医学科研伦理研究。

NIH refused the project, conducted by Capecchi, having reason there is little possibility to succeed it. NIH thought no problem when Capecchi succeeded by himself, this, thus, led to wrong approach to approve scientific research project. In scientific cooperation Evans actively and diplomatically gave his scientific result, embryonic stem （ ES ） cell to Smithies and Capecchi, this, thus, led to the cooperation of another kind without any article under the joint signature of their names . This kind of cooperation has resulted in their winning of 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, then has gained broad respect in medical ethics.