十一届三中全会后农村经济改革成功的五大因素分析

On the Five Factors of the Successful Rural Economic Reform after the 3 rd Plenary Session of the 11^(th) Central Committee

论及十一届三中全会后农村经济改革成功的文章,无不将其归功于家庭联产承包制的实行和推广,毫无疑问,这是促使农村经济改革成功的首要因素。但,长久以来,学界却忽视了其他几个重要因素:即,国家在这一时期还采取提高粮食收购价、限定粮食征购数量,以及扩大进口粮食等特殊政策,给农民生产的积极性提供了持续的推动力和可行条件。另外,从生产力决定生产关系的基本原理考察,"四三方案"引进大化肥厂的投产,成倍地扩大了单位化肥施用量;籼型杂交水稻和高产小麦的研制成功和推广,这两项先进科技的引进和进步使得粮食亩产大幅度增加,从而为农村经济改革的成功提供了可靠的保证。这五个不可或缺的因素共同促使新时期农村经济改革顺利进行并最终取得成功。

Articles addressed economic reform in rural areas after the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee,all the thanks to the implementation and promotion of the household contract responsibility system.There is no doubt that this is the primary factor to promote rural economic reform,but in a long time,scholars have ignored several other important factors i.e.the government’s taking measures to improve the grain purchase price,limit number of food procurement,as well as to expand imports of grain in the same period.These special policies had provided sustained impetus to farmers’ enthusiasm of agricultural production.What’s more,according to the basic principle of productivity being determining the production relation,the introduction of large fertilizer plants expanded exponentially unit of chemical fertilizers.The development and promotion of indica hybrid rice and high-yielding wheat made the grain yield per mu increase significantly,which provided a reliable guarantee for the success of economic reforms in rural areas.These five indispensable factors prompted the rural economic reform in the New Era and brought the following success.