论农村基层民主建设中的“小制度”

On Quasi Institution in the Rural Grassroots Democracy Construction

当下中国农村的基层民主建设中,除了通常意义上国家层面的正式制度,还存在着大量地方法制理论所关注的"小制度"。这些"小制度"有多种存在形式,包括民主恳谈、阳光村务、"一事一议"制度等。它们很大程度上并非出自政府的理性设计,而是在不同时间和领域中,互相独立的多重过程互动作用下自生自发的。农村基层"小制度"的存在有其合法性与合理性,培育、推进"小制度"的成长,分析研究这些制度如何在基层发挥作用,有助于推进农村基层民主的完善与发展。

In local legal system theory,there are plenty of so-called quasi institutions including democratic talkfest,sunny affairs of the village,one case one meeting and so on,which paralleled with formal institution in current China’s rural grassroots democracy construction.These quasi institutions don’t derive from the rational design of the state,but from the separate interactive function of multiple processes in different time and sphere.The quasi institution in rural grassroots has its legitimacy and rationality.To cultivate and urge the development of quasi institution,to analyze and research the function of these institutions will help us to complete and develop the construction of rural grassroots democracy.