城乡关系变动与乡村工业变迁——以近代天津与高阳织布业的发展为例

Changes of Urban-rural Relations and Rural Industry Transformation——Taking Tianjin and the Development of Weaving Industry in Gaoyang in Modern Times as an Example

近代以来,传统社会中的城乡关系在工业化过程中逐渐演化为一种新型关系。乡村在以农业资源支持城市发展的同时,城市也在以不同的方式促成了乡村的变迁。高阳织布业依靠天津提供的技术和棉纱,实现了"技术革命"和"原料革命",依靠天津提供的市场与金融服务构建起产销体系,而得以兴盛和发展。这表明良性互动的城乡关系以及城乡间产业结构的重塑是乡村工业变迁的动力所在。从城乡关系变动的角度思考近代乡村工业的变迁,探索其内在逻辑,对当今乡村工业化和城镇化建设具有一定借鉴意义。

Since the modern times,the traditional urban-rural relations have gradually evolved into new relations in the process of industrialization.While the rural areas supported urban development with agricultural resources,the cities promoted the rural areas’transformation in different ways.The technology and cotton yarn provided by Tianjin contributed to the technology revolution and the material revolution of Gaoyang weaving industry.The marketable and financial service provided by Tianjin also helped Gaoyang weaving industry construct its production and marketing system.Thus,Gaoyang weaving industry flourished and developed.It shows that the favorable urban-rural relations and the reconstruction of urban and rural industrial structure are the driving force of rural industry’s transformation.Viewing the rural industry’s transformation from urban-rural relations and exploring the inner logic can be used for reference in today’s rural industrialization and urbanization.