甲醇制芳烃研究进展

Review of Methanol to Aromatics

甲醇制芳烃(MTA)技术是从甲醇制烃(MTH)技术发展而来。根据甲醇制烯烃(MTO)的机理研究,MTA的反应机理大致可以分为直接C—C键形成机理和间接C—C键形成机理(碳池机理)。MTA是一个酸催化反应,主要以分子筛,尤其是以H-ZSM-5分子筛为催化剂,再通过其他元素对分子筛进行改性以提高芳烃的选择性。反应中生成的稠环芳烃会转化为积炭,这是催化剂失活的主要原因。大多数MTA技术仍然处于实验室研究阶段,在中国,中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所和清华大学开发的MTA技术已应用于中试装置或示范性工业装置。

Methanol to aromatics （MTA） process is evolved from the technology of methanol to hydrocarbons （MTH）. The reaction mechanism of MTA, based on the methanol to olefins （MTO） reaction mechanism, was roughly classified to direct C--C bond formation mechanism and indirect C--C bond formation mechanism （carbon pool mechanism）. MTA is an acid catalytic reaction, in which the molecular sieve, like H-ZSM-5, is used as the catalyst. Modifiers would be added to the catalysts to improve the selectivity of aromatics. The condensed aromatics formed during MTA can be converted to coke, which is the reason of catalyst deactivation. Most of the MTA technologies are still in the research stage. In China, the MTA technologies separately developed by Institute of Coal Chemistry of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Tsinghua University have been applied in pilots or demonstration plants.