吡虫啉对意大利蜜蜂学习行为的影响

Effects of Imidacloprid on Learning Performance of Apis mellifera ligustica

[目的]吡虫啉是一种新烟碱类杀虫剂,它作用于昆虫的烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体。通过喙伸反应研究了亚致死剂量吡虫啉对意大利蜜蜂工蜂学习行为的影响。[方法]喙伸反应(PER)是研究学习行为的经典方法。吡虫啉以0.1、0.15、0.65 ng/蜂3种剂量滴蜜蜂背板,最高浓度为室内毒力测定LD5值的1/10。[结果]0.65 ng/蜂剂量吡虫啉滴背板后,蜜蜂对稀糖水的敏感性显著降低。0.15、0.65 ng/蜂剂量吡虫啉对蜜蜂学习行为有影响。研究结果表明亚致死剂量吡虫啉对蜜蜂的学习行为有影响。[结论]喙伸反应试验可应用于亚致死剂量农药对蜜蜂学习行为的研究中。

[Aims] Imidacloprid is a insecticide from the family of the neonicotinoids,which interact with the insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.The effects of sublethal doses of imidacloprid on learning performances of worker bees（Apis mellifera ligustica） using the PER assay were estimated under controlled laboratory conditions.[Methods] The proboscis extension reflex（PER） is a classical method to assess the learning performance of worker bees.Imidacloprid was applied on the tergum at three doses of 0.1,0.15,and 0.65 ng/bee.The highest concentration of pesticide corresponded to the onetenth lethal dose value（48 h,LD5）,received per bee and per day,divided by 30.[Results] A significant reduction of sucrose sensitivity was observed at the dose of 0.65 ng/bee after a tergum application.Imidacloprid（0.15 and 0.65 ng/bee applied topically） impaired the olfactory learning of the honeybees.Our results suggest a particular vulnerability of the olfactory memory processes and sucrose perception at sublethal doses of imidacloprid to the honeybee.[Conclusions] The PER assay can be used for estimating the effect of learning performance on bees by sublethal doses of pesticides.