不同钾肥组合对烤烟质体色素及降解产物的影响

Effects of Combining Application of Different Potassium Fertilizers on Plastid Pigment and Degraded Products in Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves

采用田间试验,以普通钾肥为对照,研究了缓释钾肥及其与普通钾肥、黄腐酸钾的配施对烤后烟叶质体色素及其降解产物的影响。结果表明:T1(普通钾肥)和T2(缓释钾肥)均不利于降低烤后烟叶叶绿素含量,T2处理两种等级烟叶质体色素降解物质总量均低于T1处理,而T3处理(普通钾肥+缓释钾肥)显著降低了两种等级烟叶叶绿素含量,提高了中部叶质体色素降解物质总量,却降低了上部叶质体色素降解物质总量和类胡萝卜素含量;T4处理(普通钾肥+缓释钾肥+黄腐酸钾)能降低两种等级烟叶叶绿素含量、提高上部叶类胡萝卜素含量,其上部叶质体色素降解物质总量高于其他各处理,中部叶质体色素降解物质总量仅低于T3处理,此外上部和中部叶中分别有12种和8种类胡萝卜素降解产物含量高于其他各处理。故综合看,T4是最优的施钾处理。

A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of combining application of slow-release potassium fertilizer （SRPF）, conventional potassium fertilizer （CPF, as CK） and fulvic acid potassium （BSFA） on contents of plastid pigment and its degraded products in flue-cured tobacco leaves. Results showed that chlorophyll contents in tobacco leaves were highest in T I and T2 （SRPF）. Contents of plastid pigment degraded products between middle and upper leaves in T2 were lower than T 1. Chlorophyll contents of middle and upper leaves in T3 （SRPF＋CPF） were lower than T 1, and contents of plastid pigment degraded products in middle leaves in T3 were higher than T1, but contents of total plastid pigment degraded products and carotenoids in upper leaves in T3 were lower than T 1. Chlorophyll contents of middle and upper leaves in T4 （SRPF＋CPF＋BSFA） were lower than T1, and carotenoids in upper leaves were higher than T1. Contents of plastid pigment degraded products in upper leaves were higher than other treatments, and contents of plastid pigment degraded products in middle leaves were lower than T3. Besides, twelve different kinds of carotenoid degraded products in upper leaves and eight different kinds of carotenoid degraded products in middle leaves in T4 were the highest. Therefore, the best treatment was T4.