有机物料对低积累水稻品种始穗期抗氧化酶活性和重金属积累的影响

Effects of Different Organic Amendments on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Heavy Metal Uptakes of a Low Grain Cd Accumulation Rice Cultivar at Initial Stage of Panicle Emerging

采用重金属污染水稻土开展盆栽试验,研究施用有机碳源、菜籽饼和猪粪对低积累水稻品种中浙优1号始穗期重金属积累以及根、剑叶抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,施用高量有机碳源不利于水稻生长,根抗氧化酶活性降低。施用菜籽饼和猪粪,水稻生物量显著增加,根和秸秆Zn、Cd浓度较对照处理显著降低。菜籽饼处理水稻抗氧化酶活性增强,而猪粪处理从始穗期开始水稻衰老进程加快。与对照处理相比,施菜籽饼水稻生物量增加14.0%～49.2%,根和剑叶丙二醛(MDA)含量分别降低15.6%～31.3%和15.3%～51.8%,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性升高40.9%～79.8%和9.0%～143.8%,根和秸秆Zn浓度降低19.1%～26.4%和10.1%～26.1%,Cd浓度降低32.7%～58.8%和16.8%～62.1%;施用猪粪水稻生物量增加10.8%～16.7%,根和剑叶丙二醛(MDA)含量升高53.1%～59.4%和18.5%～44.9%,根和秸秆Zn浓度降低29.7%～42.6%和15.2%～52.9%,Cd浓度降低22.5%～44.0%和12.1%～64.5%。

A pot experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of three organic amendments （organic carbon material, rapeseed cake and pig manure） on antioxidant enzyme activities in roots, flag leaves and heavy metal uptakes of a low grain Cd accumulation rice cultivar at a heavy metal mixed contaminated paddy soil. The results showed that at initial stage of panicle emerging, application of higher rate mixed organic carbon material inhibited the growth of rice, and reduced antioxidant enzymes activities of rice roots. Application of rapeseed cake and pig manure significantly increased the biomass, and decreased Zn and Cd concentration in roots and straws. Application of rapeseed cake increased antioxidant enzyme activities of rice, and pig manure resulted in premature senility from initial stage of panicle emerging. As compared with the control, application of rapeseed cake increased biomass by 14.0% - 49.2%, decreased melondialdehyde （MDA） content by 15.6% - 31.3% and 15.3% - 51.8% in roots and flag leaves, increased catalase （CAT） activity by 40.9% - 79.8% and 9.0% - 143.8%, respectively. Concentrations of Zn in roots and straws decreased 19.1% - 26.4% and 10.1% - 26.1%, Cd decreased 32.7% - 58.8% and 16.8 - 62.1%, respectively. Application of pig manure increased biomass by 10.8% - 16.7%, increased MDA content by 53.1% - 59.4% and 18.5% - 44.9% in roots and flag leaves. Concentrations of Zn in roots and straws decreased 29.7% - 42.6% and 15.2% - 52.9%, Cd decreased 22.5% - 44.0% and 12.1% - 64.5%, respectively.