中国土壤系统分类中“红色砂、页岩、砂砾岩和北方红土岩性特征”的比较研究及诊断标准的修订

Comparative Research and Revise on Diagnostic Standard “Lithological Characteristics of Red Sandstones, Shales and Conglomerates, and Northern Red Earths” in the Chinese Soil Taxonomy

对《中国土种志》收录的红色砂岩、页岩、砂页岩、砂砾岩、北方新近纪红土、北方第四纪红土剖面资料,和近几年辽宁红土研究中新积累的第四纪红土剖面资料进行统计分析,结果表明:中国北方新近纪和第四纪红土颜色属性中的色调为5YR、2.5YR和10R,红色砂岩、页岩、砂页岩、砂砾岩颜色属性中的色调为5YR、2.5YR、10R和7.5R。中国土壤系统分类针对"红色砂、页岩、砂砾岩和北方红土岩性特征"规定的色调为2.5R～5R、7.5R～10R与大部分情况不符。根据研究结果,建议将"红色砂、页岩、砂砾岩和北方红土岩性特征"修订为"红色砂岩、页岩、砾岩和半成岩状态红土岩性特征";关于色调的规定修订为"5YR、2.5YR、10R或者更红";如果明确规定明度值和彩度值的范围,则需要标明是干态或是润态。

The data of profiles whose parent materials are red sandstones, shales, sandshales and sandconglomerates, the northern Neogene and Quaternary red earths from Soil Species of China and the data of profiles whose parent materials are Quaternary red earths accumulated in the study of red earths in Liaoning in recent years were analyzed. The results showed that the hues of Chinese northern Neogene and Quaternary red earths were 5YR, 2.5YR and 10R, and the hues of red sandstones, shales, sandshales and sandconglomerates were 5YR, 2.5YR, 10R, and 7.5R. The hues 2.5R-5R and 7.5R-10R prescribed for ＂Lithological Characteristics of Red Sandstones, Shales and Conglomerates, and Northern Red Earths＂ in the Chinese Soil Taxonomy did not conform to most facts. Based on the research results, the following suggestions were raised. Revise ＂L.C. of Red Sandstones, Shales and Conglomerates, and Northern Red Earths＂ into ＂Lithological Characteristics of Red Sandstones, Shales and Conglomerates, and Semi-consolidated Red Earths＂; Revise the prescription on hues into ＂5YR, 2.5YR and 10R or more red＂; dry or wet state should be stated if the ranges of values and chromas are prescribed explicitly.