芳基碘鎓盐促进芳基化反应的应用

Application of Diaryliodonium Salts in Arylation Reaction

二芳基碘鎓盐属于有机高价碘化合物,具有无毒、反应条件温和以及良好的选择性等优点,在有机合成中具有重要地位,受到广大化学工作者的关注。近年来,利用二芳基碘鎓盐在金属催化下进行的芳基化反应为一些难以合成的杂环化合物的合成提供了简便、高效的方法;同时,二芳基碘鎓盐在无催化剂下进行的芳基化反应,为C—C偶联反应开辟了新的绿色合成路线。本文综述了近年来二芳基碘鎓盐在有机合成中促进芳基化反应的最新进展,着重介绍了利用二芳基碘鎓盐作为芳基化试剂与有机金属试剂、烯烃和炔烃类以及杂环化合物进行芳基化反应的研究;总结了二芳基碘鎓盐与杂环化合物反应中钯催化和铜催化下芳基化反应的机理,最后对二芳基碘鎓盐在今后有机合成中的应用作出了展望。

Diaryliodonium salt is one of the hypervalent organoiodine species,which has many advantages including non-toxic,mild conditions and excellent selectivity in reactions.It is highly important in organic synthesis and attracts many chemists＇ attention.Recently,the arylation reaction by diaryliodonium salts under metal catalysts provides a simple and efficient way to synthesize heterocyclic compounds which are difficult to synthesize,in addition,the emergence of arylation reaction under no metal catalytic conditions has made a green synthesis route for C—C coupling reactions.We review the arylation reactions by diaryliodonium salts in recent years,especially the reactions between diaryliodonium salts with organometallic reagents,alkenes,alkynes and heterocyclic compounds,and summarize the mechanisms of arylation reactions between diaryliodonium salts and heterocyclic compounds with palladium,copper catalysts or without metal catalysts.The development trend of applications in organic synthesis of diaryliodonium salts is also prospected.