立体种植作物需水量和不同水肥处理对产量影响的试验研究

STUDY ON WATER REQUIREMENTS AND DIFFERENT WATER AND FERTILIZER COMBINATIONS ON YIELD OF STRIP INTER INTERCROPPING

目前水资源的短缺已成为影响社会经济、生态环境可持续发展的重要制约因素。因此,在降雨稀少、蒸发强烈的条件下,深入研究干旱地区饲草料作物立体种植模式下作物需水规律与水肥耦合效应,对于灌溉制度的制定提供了依据,同时也对于保证间作种植条件下具有较高的资源利用效率和产量水平具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文依据2010年和2011年所观测的试验数据,研究青贮玉米-紫花苜蓿立体种植条件下的水肥耦合效应,分析青贮玉米-紫花苜蓿立体种植条件下的需水规律及其对产量影响。分析研究得出:在6月份和7月份为作物需水的关键时期,此时作物需水量达到峰值。同时,试验结果表明,对紫花苜蓿产量的影响因子主要为水分>磷肥>氮肥;对青贮玉米产量的影响因子主要为氮肥>水分>磷肥。综合产量和经济效益两方面考虑,高磷高水中氮处理下的产值最高。

Serious lack of the water resources had become the importance factor that will influence the development of society economy and environment. Therefore, under the condition of strong rainfall and evaporation, it is necessary meaningful to study how to provide the basis for the establishment of irrigation system, but also to ensure intercropping planting with high resource utilization efficiency and production levels under the water requirement and fertilizer coupling mechanism of strip intercropping. This article based on the obser- vation of experimental data in 2010 and 2011, studying under the water and fertilizer coupling mechanism of strip intercropping ＂Maize - alfalfa＂ , analysis under the condition of strip intercropping ＂Maize - Lucerne＂ of water requirements and its effects on production. Analysis showed that in June and July for a critical period of crop water requirement, crop water requirements reaches its peak at this time. At the same time, test results show that the main factors affecting on the yield of alfalfa is water 〉 P fertilizer 〉 N fertilizer; die main factors affecting on the yield of silage maize is N fertilizer 〉 water 〉 P fertilizer. Integrated production and economic benefits take into account two aspects, high phosphorus under high nitrogen in water treatment have the higbest oroduction value.