自闭症儿童的生存质量及影响因素

Life quality of children with autistic disorder and its influencing factors

目的探讨自闭症患儿的生存质量状况及其影响因素，为临床干预提供理论依据。方法采用儿童生存质量自评式测定量表（PedsQL4．0），分别对200例自闭症患儿（自闭症组）及120例健康儿童（健康对照组）进行生存质量评定，应用Gesell发展诊断量表（1981年）进行智能发育测验，应用克氏自闭症行为量表、自闭症儿童行为检查量表、儿童自闭症评定量表评定自闭症病情程度。结果自闭症组儿童的生存质量明显低于健康对照组儿童，自闭症组儿童的生理功能、情感功能、社会功能、心理领域及PedsQL生存质量总分均低于健康对照组儿童，差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0．01）；高功能自闭症患儿各方面及总体生存质量均高于低功能自闭症患儿，差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0．01）。不同的智能类型因素对患儿的生存质量有影响，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。自闭症患儿病情程度越重、智力水平越低，生存质量的损害越严重，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论自闭症儿童生存质量存在明显的损害，需要社会高度关注这类疾病患儿的家庭。

Objective To investigate the life quality status in autistic disorder children and its influencing fac- tors. Methods Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory（PedsQL4.0） was used to measure the life quality of 200 children with autistic disorder and 120 healthy children. Application of GeseU Development Diagnosis Scale （ 1981 ） test was used for intelligence development. Clancy Autism Behavior Scale, Autism Behavior Checklist, and Childhood Autism Rating Scale were used to evaluate the illness degree. Results The life quality of autistic disorder group was lower than that of control group in the scores of physical functioning, emotional functioning, social functioning, mental domain and the totals cores of PedsQL,the differences were significant （all P 〈0.01 ）. High-functioning autism in all aspects and the overall life quality were higher than those of low function group, the differences were statistically significant （ all P 〈 0. 01 ）. By using variance analysis,intelligence factors had an impact on the patient＇s life quality,the difference was sta- tistically significant （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Correlation analysis results suggested that the autism condition degree was heavier, the intelligence level was lower, the life quality was worse, and the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05 ）. Condusion Children with autistic disorder suffer grievous influence in life quality.