我国农村各类金融机构的交易费用比较--基于山东省的调查分析

A Comparative Analysis on the Transaction Costs of Financial Institutes in Rural China:the Case of Shandong Province

本文构建了我国农村金融机构的交易费用指标评价体系,通过调查获取山东省小额贷款公司、农信社、农业银行、邮储银行、村镇银行、农村资金互助社的相关数据,比较各类农村金融机构单位交易费用序数及指数的大小。村镇银行向农户提供信贷的单位交易成本相对较低,邮储银行最高。为更好地向农户提供信贷服务,需要有效降低小额贷款公司和农村资金互助社的融资成本,提高员工素质,降低新型农村金融机构信贷技术开发与运用成本,并解决邮储银行潜在成本、信息和代理成本高以及农村资金互助社监管成本分担的问题。

According to the definition of transaction cost, this paper constructs transaction cost indices of rural China＇s financial institutes. Based on a unique survey of rural financial institutes in Shandong Province, we construct six types of indices as proxies for the transaction costs embedded in rural financial institutes. By comparing the transaction costs between different financial institutes, we find that village banks＇ average transaction cost is the lowest when providing loans to farmers, while the Postal Savings Bank of China is the highest. In order to provide better services to farmers, financing costs for microcredit companies and rural fund mutual cooperatives should be effectively reduced. The problem of PSBC＇s potential cost, information cost and agency cost should be solved and the rural fund mutual cooperative＇s supervision cost should be shared. Improving the quality of employees could also reduce the developing and applying costs of credit technologies amid the new type of rural financial institutes.