土壤污染灾害的致灾性三论--以“谁污染谁治理”原则失效为视角

Three Points on Catastrophic Quality of Soil Pollution Disaster——To Who Pollution Governance Principles Failure Perspective

土壤污染灾害的危害在于隐蔽性和滞后性、累积性和地域性、不可逆转性、难治理性、治理成本高和周期长,其酿灾潜势是非直观的。我国2000万公顷耕地受重金属和有机物的复合型污染,可划为微度、轻度、中度、重度和极重等五级。土壤污染灾害存在着三方面:土壤污染的人为致灾性与个体致灾性,法律与政策层面的土壤污染灾害公共政策致灾性,地方立法建立土壤污染灾害控制机制的不力性。人的治灾性是遏制土壤污染灾害的重要力量,土壤污染灾害的防控制度与机制创新,是立法者应有的立法良知之所在。

The soil pollution disaster is hidden and lagging, cumulative and regionality, irreversibility, difficult to control, governance, high cost and long cycle, the calamities potential is not intuitive. The compound pollution of our country of 20000000 hectares of arable land affected by heavy metal and organic matter, can be divided into mild, moderate, micro, heavy and very heavy, level five. Soil pollution has three aspects： soil pollution man-made disaster and individual catastrophability, legal and policy aspects of the soil pollution disaster public policy catastrophability, local legislation to establish the soil pollution disaster control mechanism of the weak, the curing disaster is an important force to curb soil pollution hazards, prevention and control system and mechanism innovation of soil pollution disaster, where lawmakers have conscience.