由人而天的“机制转换”与新主体观——论毕来德的《庄子四讲》

The Regime Shift from Human Being to Heaven and the New Conception of Subject: on Jean Franois Billeter'sFour Lectures about Zhuangzi

毕来德的《庄子四讲》把从"人的机制"到"天的机制"的转换,作为庄子哲学的核心,以此构筑了一个新的身体-主体构想:官能、资源与力量的总和,不可知的向度,虚空与事物的来回往复,开端与创造性发生的场域等,乃是这一新身体-主体观的主要向度。通过这样的阐释,毕来德将庄子带入当代语境中,使其承载解放那些被资本主义体制规训、消耗的现实主体的要求;但同时也不能忽略毕来德对庄子的误读。

Jean Francois Billeter＇s Four Lectures about Zhuangzi takes the shift of regime from human being to heaven as a key to the philosophy of Zhuangzi, on the basis of which he founded a new conception of body-Subject ： the sum of faculties, resources and energy, the unknown, the back and forth of emptiness and things, and the field in which beginning and creativity occur, etc, these are the main points of the conception. By this explanation, Billeter brings the thoughts of Zhuangzi into modern times, and uses it to meet requires of the real subjects who are disciplined and consumed by the Capitalist system. Billeter＇s misunderstandings of Zhuangzi, however, couldn＇t be overlooked.