行动计划在青少年行为意向与锻炼行为间的中介效应

Mediation effects of planning on intentions-exercise relation among adolescents

目的调查青少年健康锻炼状况,为检验行动计划在行为意向与锻炼行为间的作用机制提供研究数据。方法采用分层整群抽样法,选取长沙市2所中学初一到高三共6个年级14个班级中的706名学生为研究对象,对其锻炼行为意向、行动计划及锻炼活动等变量进行测量。结果调查对象中规律性锻炼者仅近30%,锻炼行为存在性别及年级差异,规律锻炼的报告率男生高于女生(χ2=40.83,P<0.01),低年级学生高于高年级(χ2=39.57,P<0.01);对行为意向、行动计划及锻炼行为间的回归分析显示,行动计划是行为意向转化为锻炼行为过程中的不完全中介变量(Z=8.82,P<0.01)。结论行动计划是青少年行为意向与锻炼行为间的中介变量。基于行为意向增强及行动计划制定的综合干预有助于规律性锻炼行为方式的养成。

Objective To understand the current status about regular physical activity（PA） participation among adolescents and to explore possible mediation effects of planning on intentions-exercise relation.Methods By using stratified sampling method,a representative sample of 706 adolescents from middle and high school were recruited.Information on physical activity,intention and planning for regular physical activity engagement were collected.Results Only about one third of adolescents regularly participated in PA.There was significant gender（χ2=40.83,P0.001） and grade（χ2=39.57,P0.001） difference in PA engagement.Mediation analysis confirmed partial mediation effects of planning on the association between PA intention and behaviors.Conclusion The proportion of regular physical activity participants among adolescents is quite low.Based on the mediating model,interventions focusing on intention formation and action planning making is help to ferm regular physical activity.