南京市小学生尝试吸烟行为及其影响因素分析

Attempting smoking behavior and its influence factors among primary school students in Nangjing

目的了解南京市小学生尝试吸烟行为现状及相关影响因素,为青少年控烟工作提供科学依据。方法多阶段随机整群抽取南京市31所小学3 636名学生进行自填式吸烟知信行问卷调查。采用χ2检验比较不同组别小学生尝试吸烟率的差异,多因素Logistic回归分析对各种混杂因素进行调整。结果小学生尝试吸烟率为6.1%,男生尝试吸烟率(8.1%)高于女生(3.8%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=28.207,P=0.000)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男生、父母最高文化程度初中或以下、父母均吸烟、未在课堂上学过控烟知识、30 d内在学校暴露于二手烟的小学生尝试吸烟的风险较高,差异均有统计学意义。烟草相关知识总知晓率为87.2%,男、女生分别为86.7%和87.9%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=7.145,P=0.067)。烟草相关正向态度持有率为95.4%,男、女生分别为94.3%和96.7%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=46.098,P=0.000)。结论小学生尝试吸烟影响因素较多。家庭和学校应共同采取措施,引导他们学会拒绝烟草。

Objective To examine attempting smoking behavior and its influence factors among primary school students in Nangjing and to provide scientific evidence for tobacco control in adolescents.Methods The survey was conducted among 3 636 students selected from 31 primary schools by multiple stage random cluster sampling method using a self-administered questionnaire.Chi-square analysis was employed to compare the smoking-attempting rate of different characteristics group among the primary school students and multivariate Logistic analysis to adjust the confounders.Results The smoking-attempting rate of the primary school students was 6.1%.The boy＇s smoking-attempting rate was higher than that of the girls＇.Statistical significance was found between genders（8.1% vs 3.8%,χ2=28.207,P=0.000）.Multivariate Logistic analysis identified that boys,the highest education level of parents was junior high school or below,parents were smokers,have not learned tobacco control knowledge in class before,have exposed to second-hand smoke in school in 30 days were significantly linked to attempting smoking behavior among primary school students.There were three items about the tobacco control knowledge.The rate of tobacco awareness among the primary school students was 87.2%.The boy＇s awareness rate was lower than that of the girls＇.Statistical significance was not found between genders（86.7% vs 87.9%,χ2=7.145,P=0.067）.There were six items about the tobacco control attitude.The rate of positive attitude about tobacco among the primary school students was 95.4%.The boy＇s positive attitude rate was lower than that of the girls＇.Statistical significance was found between genders（94.3% vs 96.7%,χ2=46.098,P=0.000）.Conclusion The smoking-attempting rate is high.Family and school should adopt measures that guide the students to reject cigarettes.