航天器人-机-环境密闭舱试验系统构建方法研究

Research on Construction Methods of Man-machine-environment Airtight Cabin Test System for Spacecrafts

目的研究载人航天器人-机-环境密闭舱试验系统的构建内容和构建方法。方法依据相似理论试验方法,分析地面试验与空间飞行的主要差异,保证环控生保系统重力下可靠工作,确定了人-机-环境试验系统的设计内容和设计方法。结果利用该方法构建了一套试验系统,试验系统性能良好、运行稳定,已应用于交会对接任务环控生保系统性能研究。与飞行数据比对表明,该试验系统空气流动和换热状态与微重力环境下基本一致。结论提出的人-机-环试验系统构建方法合理有效,易于实现,满足当前任务需要,可为后续任务类似试验系统研制提供参考。

Objective To study the contents and methods to construct the man-machine-environment airtight cabin test system for manned spacecrafts. Methods Based on analysis of the distinction between ground test and space flight, the contents and methods to design the man-machine-environment test system were determined under the guidance of similarity theory. Results A ground test system with satisfactory performance was conconstructed using the method. It was applied to research the performance of environment control and life support system in rendezvous and docking missions. Comparing with spaceflight data, the test system is in good accordance with the data in microgravity environment in air flow and heat transfer condition. Conclusion The method to construct a ground test system is reasonable, effective and easy to realize. It can meet the demands of current missions and orovides reference for the development of similar facilities in the future.