中国老年人健康综合功能评价量表的研制

Development of the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment Scale for Chinese Elderly

目的研制适合中国老年人的健康综合功能评价量表(CGA),为老年人健康问题的发现及其干预提供评价工具。方法通过文献研究法、专家评议法并结合中国文化背景编制Delphi法咨询问卷。通过Delphi法和预实验形成CGA初稿,对20例老年人进行预调查,对初稿进行修改,编制量表的测试版。用测试版量表调查300例老年人,对CGA的信度、效度和反应度进行实测分析与考评。结果该CGA量表总的Cronbach’sα系数为0.909,各领域指标的Cronbach’sα系数为0.718～0.960;维度相关系数大多数>0.5,因子分析的累积贡献率为76.88%;测试反应度的非参数检验结果显示不同机构老年人健康总分和各维度得分及其下属指标得分的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论该CGA具有较好信度、效度和反应度,可作为老年人健康问题的发现及其干预的评价工具。

Objective To establish a comprehensive geriatric assessment scale which fit the situations of Chinese old people most, and to provide an evaluation tool for the proposal and intervention of functional health problems for the elderly. Methods The comprehensive geriatric assessment scale was produced by Delphi method combing with Chinese cultural background, some methods such as literature review and experts evaluation were conducted. The manuscript of this questionnaire was developed through Delphi and pre-experiment. Then the manuscript questionnaires were used among 300 old people, to analyze and assess the reliability, validity and reactivity. Results The experiment analysis demonstrated that the total Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0. 909 and that of each index ranged from 0. 718-0. 960, most of the dimension-related coefficients were over 0. 5. The construct validity was validated by factor analysis and the cumulative contribution rate was up to 76.88%. Results of non-parametric test on reactivity showed that the differences of total scores and each dimension＇ scores and substitute scores between the elderly from different institutions were statistically significant （P〈0.01）. Conclusion The comprehensive geriatric assessment scale owns a reasonable reliability, validity and reactivity, and this scale can be used as an evaluation instrument for the finding and intervention of the elder＇s health problems.