人口经济学视角下的少数民族教育问题——以黑龙江省为例

Study on the Ethnic Groups’ Education Question at the Perspective of Demographic Economics:Exemplified by the Ethnic Groups of Heilongjiang Province

依据1990年、2000年和2010年人口普查资料,采用定量分析和分类比较方法,选取人口经济学中的9项指标,研究少数民族人口文化素质发展水平和差异。1990—2010年的二十年间,黑龙江省少数民族人口净迁出大量增加,人口文化素质得到明显提高,文化层次结构也发生了显著变化,但少数民族在业人员多分布在低端行业和职业,发展水平和差异较大。针对现状,提出相关的民族教育政策建议。

Systematically study the ethnic groups＇ culture quality of Heilongjiang Province by trailing and analyzing the change of selected 9 demographic economic indicators of the demographic census data collecting in 1990,2000,and 2010 with quan- titative analysis and classification analytical method applied. During the past 20 decades between 1990 and 2010,ethnic groups saw obvious reduction of its population but huge improvement in culture quality simultaneously. The cultural hierarchi- cal structure experienced remarkable change. But ethnics in general serve in low-end industries and low-income occupations, this result in the stark difference in economic development level compared with other groups. This paper raises constructive policy proposal based on current development status quo.