在华朝鲜新娘的文化适应与认同——基于河北狮村的考察

Acculturation and Identity of North Korean Brides in China:Based on Fieldwork in Shicun of Hebei Province

朝鲜新娘是与中朝经济差异、地缘、跨境民族等因素相伴而生的特殊移民群体,其在华生活状况尚未引起学术界足够关注。当前国外学界已有的文化适应理论可为朝鲜新娘的相关研究提供借鉴,而行为方式、价值观念、文化认同则是颇为重要的分析维度。为应对新环境、新身份造成的冲击,朝鲜新娘采用分离与整合的策略,以更好地适应移入地的行为方式。而法律制度、社会规范、伦理道德等方面的改变,则促使朝鲜新娘采用边缘化、分离与整合的策略积极地调适自身的价值观念,以期立足并融入移入地的文化圈。经济差异、民族性、社会支持网络、移入时间影响了朝鲜新娘的文化认同秩序,且使其认同呈现出双向性和矛盾性的特征。

Brides from North Korea, referring to North Korean women who married with Chinese men ,usually in Northern China, constitute a special immigrant group which emerges as a result of a series of factors, such as economic gap between North Korea and China, geography,population. Their living condition has caught intensive attention all the time. Currently the Acculturation Model Theory,which has been widely recognized by academicians both home and abroad,might add insight into the research of brides from North Korea. On the basis of this theory, behavior of the research subject, value and cultural identity form the most important dimension of analysis. In order to cope with the impacts posed by new environment and new identity, the brides from North Korea in China usually employ such adapting strategy as separation and integration. Besides, changes in social regulations,legislation and ethical morals impel them to adopt the strategy of marginalization to actively ad- just their own values. All these strategies are for the sake of better integration into local life. Factors like economic gap ,na- tionality, social supporting, and immigrant time, however, have distinct effects on their cultural identification;at the same time, citizenship qualification affects their national identification greatly.