云南不同生态区辣椒花期蓟马种类及多样性指数比较

Comparison of Species and Diversity of Thrips on Pepper Flowers in Different Ecological Regionalizations of Yunnan Province

对云南省7个生态区29个样点辣椒上的蓟马种类调查分析表明:辣椒花期主要有6种蓟马,分别是西花蓟马[Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)]、花蓟马[F.intonsa(Trybom)]、黄蓟马[Thrips flavus(Schrank)]、棕榈蓟马[T.palmi(Karny)]、烟蓟马[T.tabaci(Lindeman)]和八节黄蓟马[T.flavidulus(Bagnall)]。在南温带、中亚热带、北亚热带地区以西花蓟马为优势种,其中昆明市晋宁县辣椒花上的西花蓟马数量最大,达(13.35±1.02)头/朵,约占蓟马总数的92.39%。而北热带和南亚热带地区以花蓟马为优势种,其中以楚雄市南华县辣椒花上的花蓟马数量最多,为(5.21±0.49)头/朵,约占蓟马总数的45.66%。黄蓟马在中温带和北温带为优势种,其中以保山市龙陵县辣椒花上的黄蓟马数量最高,为(6.96±0.84)头/朵,约占蓟马总数的68.91%。多样性分析结果显示,昆明市晋宁县辣椒花上的蓟马种群Simpson优势度指数最高,为0.855 5;迪庆州维西县辣椒花上的蓟马种群Shannon-Wiener多样性指数值和Pielou均匀度指数值均最大,分别为1.761 3和0.847 0。

An investigation was made on the pepper flowers to study the species diversity of thrips from 29 areas of seven ecological regionalizations in Yunnan province.The results showed that 6 species of thrips were found on pepper flowers,and they were Frankliniella occidentalis（Pergande）,F.intonsa（Trybom）,Thrips flavus（Schrank）,T.palmi（Karny）,T.tabaci（Lindeman） and T.flavidulus（Bagnall）.F.occidentalis was the dominant species in the South Temperate Zone,the mid-subtropical zone and the north subtropical zone;the average number of F.occidentalis in the field of Jinning County,Kunming prefecture was（13.35 ± 1.02） thrips / flower of pepper,which occupied 92.39% of total thrips in the pepper flower.While F.intonsa was the dominant species in the north tropic zone and the south subtropical zone,the average number of F.intonsa in the field of Nanhua County,Chuxiong prefecture was（5.21 ± 0.49） thrips / flower of pepper,which occupied 45.66% of total thrips in the pepper flower.In the mid-temperate zone and the North Temperate Zone,Thrips flavus was the dominant species,and the average number of T.flavus in the field of Longling County,Baoshan prefecture was（6.96 ±0.84） thrips/flower of pepper,which occupied 68.91% of total thrips in the pepper flower.Diversity analysis results showed that the Simpson dominance index of thrips population in the pepper flowers in Jinning County,Kunming prefecture was 0.855 5,and it was the most of different areas,and the population in the pepper flowers of Weixi County,Diqing prefecture,the Shannon-Wiener diversity and Pielou evenness index were the highest,was 1.761 3 and 0.847 0,respectively.