论民法研究的命题、方法和结论

Theory on the Propositions,Approaches and Conclusions of the Civil Law

民法学包括实践民法学和理论民法学,前者包括民事立法学和民法解释学,后者包括民法哲学、民法社会学、民法史学和民法地理学。民法哲学是抽象化思维,阐释民法存在的根本问题。民法社会学是现实性思维,解释民法存在的社会基础。民法社会学可以细分为民法经济学、民法政治学和民法文化学。民法史学是纵向思维,揭示民法存在的时间性。民法地理学是横向思维,诠释民法存在的地域性。实践民法学的研究,要顺应立法中心主义向司法中心主义的转型,要实现民法规范与公法规范的协调,为规范民法学的发展作出贡献。理论民法学的研究,应当广泛借鉴其他社会科学的研究成果,尽可能构建理论模型,预设更多的行为类型,为民法学流派多元化作出贡献。

The science of civil law includes practical civil law and theoretical civil law. The former one covers the legislative science of civil law and the interpretative science of civil law while the latter one is covering the philo- sophical science of civil law,the social science of civil law,the historical science of civil law and the geograph- ical science of civil law. The philosophical science of civil law explains those fundamental problems of the exist- ence of civil law in an abstract way. The social science of civil law, which can be subdivided into the economic science of civil law, the political science of civil law and the cultural science of civil law,is mainly using a realis- tic way to describe the social basis of civil law. Besides, the historical science of civil law is in a vertical thinking in order to disclose the timeliness of civil law. Moreover, the geographical science of civil law tends to interpret that the civil law is regional in a lateral way. The research on practical civil law needs to adjust from legislation- centered doctrine to judiciary-centered doctrine and to coordinate the norms of civil law with the ones of public law to make a contribution to the development of the normative civil law. At last, study on theoretical civil law ought to widely draw lessons from other social science achievements,try to construct a theoretical model and pre- install more types of behavior so as to promote the diversification of the schools of civil law.