新疆主要野生鸟类的生态环境、迁徙路线及其对禽流感发生与流行的影响

Acological Environment and Migration Route of Wild Birds in Xinjiang and Their Effects on Occurrence and Epidemic of Avian Influenza

禽流感是严重危害人畜健康的重大传染性疾病,随着禽流感病毒感染宿主范围的不断扩大,从越来越多的动物及人体内分离到了禽流感病毒。野生鸟类被认为是所有亚型禽流感病毒的储存器,并以其特定的迁徙路线及生活环境,在禽流感的传播中起着不可忽视的作用。因此,研究野生鸟类在禽流感发生与流行中的作用对禽流感防控具有重要的公共卫生意义。论文综述了新疆野生鸟类的种类、习性及其生态环境、迁徙路线及其对禽流感发生与流行的影响。

Avian influenza is the very harmful infectious disease to human and animal and the host range of avian influenza virus has been expanded.Avian influenza virus is isolated from more and more animal species including humans.Wild birds are the reservoir for avian Influenza virus of all the hemagglutinin（HA） and neuraminidase（NA）subtypes.Waterfowls with specific migration routes and living environment play an important role in spreading avian influenza.To study the role of wild birds in the avian influenza outbreak and epidemic is very important in prevention and control of prevalence of avian influenza and has important public health significance.In this paper,the kinds of wild birds in Xinjiang,its behavior,ecological environment,migration routes and effects on avian influenza outbreak and epidemic were discussed.