横头山干线公路的建设对沿线土壤养分和植被的干扰

Disturbance of the Road Construction in Hengtou Mountain on Soil Nutrients and Plant Species

以哈尔滨-阿城快速路横头山干线公路沿线作为研究区,分析公路建设对公路沿线两侧距公路不同距离土壤养分和物种丰富度及多样性指数的变化和影响。利用相关性分析,分析土壤养分与物种丰富度及多样性指数的关系。结果表明:公路建设对土壤养分的影响下坡大于上坡,影响范围在200m范围内;对物种丰富度及多样性的影响范围在100m内,0～50m内影响较为强烈;相关性分析表明,土壤中的有机质(OM)、pH、速效钾(AK)、速效磷(AP)与物种丰富度和多样性指数的相关性显著,说明土壤中的有机质含量、pH值及有效形态的P、K是本研究区中物种丰富度和多样性指数的主要限制因子。

Impacts of the road construction on soil nutrients as well as on species richness and diversity on both roadsides with different distances were discussed by taking Hengtoushan trunk highway as the study area which is a section of Harbin-Acheng expressway.Using the correlation analysis,the relationships not only between soil nutrients and species richness,but also between soil nutrients and diversity were examined.The influences on soil nutrients in the downslope were stronger than in upslope area within 200 m from the road,the influence ranges on species richness and diversity index were within 100 m,more strongly in 0-50 m.Factors such as soil organic matter（OM）,pH,available potassium（AK） and phosphorus（AP） were significantly correlated to species richness diversity index.OM,pH,AP and AK were the main limiting factors of species richness in the study area.