栓皮栎不同变异类型RAPD分析

RAPD Analysis on Different Variant Types of Quercus variabilis

运用RAPD技术从235条随机引物中筛选出35条引物,对取自秦岭北坡4个类型的24份天然栓皮栎种群的材料基因组DNA进行扩增。结果表明:栓皮栎天然群体的总体遗传多样性水平高,栓皮栎天然群体遗传分化大、遗传变异高;通过UPGMA聚类分析,将栓皮栎天然群体划分成厚皮深裂型、厚皮浅裂型、薄皮浅裂型、薄皮深裂型4个变异类型是有遗传基础的,其与形态学分类基本一致;多态位点数、多态百分率、观测等位基因平均数、Shannon信息指数和Nei基因多样性指数所显示的各类型遗传多样性变化规律都一致,即厚皮深裂型>薄皮浅裂型>薄皮深裂型>厚皮浅裂型,各变异类型的遗传多样性水平高;栓皮栎遗传种质资源极其丰富,遗传改良潜力大。

In order to speed up the genetic improvement of Quercus variabilis,genomic DNAs of 24 materials of four types collected from the northern slope of Qinling Mountains were amplified by RAPD（random amplified polymorphic DNA） technology with 35 primers screened from 235 arbitrary primers.The total genetic diversity level of natural Q.variabilis population was high,the genetic differentiation of natural Q.variabilis population was great and its genetic variation was high.The natural population of Q.variabilis was divided into four variant types： thick-bark-deep-crack type,thick-bark-shallow-crack type,thin-bark-shallow-crack type,and thin-bark-deep-crack type.The genetic basis of the division was demonstrated by UPGMA cluster analysis,which coincided with its morphological taxonomy basically.Polymorphic loci,percentage of polymorphic loci,average observed number of alleles,Shannon information index and Nei＇s genetic diversity indicated that the changes of genetic diversity of all types were consistent：thick-bark-deep-crack typethin-bark-shallow-crack typethin-bark-deep-crack typethick-bark-shallow-crack type,and their genetic diversity was high.Genetic germplasm resources were extremely abundant and genetic improvement potentials were great in Q.variabilis.