苹果砧木M_9快繁技术的建立及试管苗生根进程解剖研究

Anatomical Study on Rooting Process and Rapid Propagation of Apple Rootstock M_9

通过对苹果砧木M9离体培养,筛选该砧木的初代、继代培养、生根培养基,并解剖分析生根进程。结果表明:1)以M9的离体新梢进行初代培养,75%酒精30s+0.1%升汞8min消毒效果较佳,较适培养基为MS+6-BA1.0mg.L-1+NAA0.5mg.L-1。成活率为18.9%。2)M9的适合增殖培养基MS+6-BA1.0mg.L-1+IBA0.1mg.L-1,有效新梢数达到6.4个.株-1。3)较适生根培养基为1/2MS+IBA0.3mg.L-1+NAA0.1mg.L-1。暗培养5d后,光培养35d,生根率达到85.5%。4)M9试管苗不定根的发育过程可分为3个时期:形成层细胞分裂期,不定根原基形成期,不定根的分化形成期。

An anatomical observation was conducted on rooting process by in vitro culture of apple rootstock M9.Related factors concerning the culture were examined.1）Satisfactory disinfection effects could be achieved with 75% alcohol for 30 s and 0.1% mercuric chloride for 8 min during the primary culture,and cultured with the medium of MS＋6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1＋ NAA 0.5 mg·L-1.The survival rate was 18.9%.2） For M9,the appropriate enrichment medium was MS＋6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1＋IBA 0.1 mg·L-1 in which the efficiency shoots was 6.4 per stem.3） The proper rooting medium for M9 was 1/ 2MS＋IBA 0.3 mg·L-1＋NAA 0.1 mg·L-1.Its rooting rate reached 85.5% when cultured in the dark for 5 days and light culture for 35 days.4）The process of M9 plantlet adventitious root development could be divided into three periods：cell division of formation layer,the formation period of adventitious root primordia,differentiation stage of adventitious root.