当代中国社会中非制度化生存的政治学分析

Political Analysis on the Non-systemized Survival in Contemporary China

从政治理念看,非制度化生存源于民主瑕疵、自由悖论和观念差异;从政治制度看,制度空挡和权利缺位为非制度化生存提供了机会,权力异化和社会不公是非制度化生存的重要诱因;从价值观和义利观看,价值错位和观念差异是非制度化生存的主观原因。上述方面,影响着人的行为方式和逐利方式,也影响着社会资源的分配方式。非制度化生存的政治危害在于它加剧权力腐败,侵犯基本人权,助长暗箱操作,增加整合难度,是社会进步的负能量。治理非制度化生存是一个综合过程,要以权利制约权力、以民主遏制专断、以法治代替人治、以道德教化人心,使人的思想行为符合民主理念和制度规范,达到行所当行、止所当止。

From the perspective of political philosophy,the non-systemized survival originates from the flaws of democracy,the paradox of freedom and the variances of opinions.From the perspective of political system,the vacancy of system and rights provide opportunities for the existence of non-systemized survival,and the alienation of power and social unfairness are important incentives on non-systemized survival.From the view of benefits and morality,the misplacement of value and variances of opinions are the subjective causes for the existence of non-systemized survival.All the abovementioned points have great influences on people’s behavior and pursuit of profits,and on the distribution of social resources.The hazards of non-systemized survival on politics are that it can deteriorate corruption,infringe upon human rights,advocate black case work,and increase the difficulty of integration.The governess of non-systemized survival is an integrated progress,and we should advocate rights,democracy,and governess by law and morality.