产后避孕的研究进展

Research Progress of Postpartum Contraception

产后1年内,由于子宫复旧和哺乳因素,女性生殖内分泌功能发生较大变化。产后1年内意外妊娠可严重影响妇女健康。目前国内外主要产后避孕方法包括哺乳期闭经避孕法(LAM)、屏障避孕法、宫内节育器(IUD)、激素避孕法及结扎避孕等。由于国内产后避孕尚未规范、系统化,因此,有效避免产后意外妊娠、降低高危人工终止妊娠术发生率及提高产后女性生殖健康是计划生育工作的重点。

Postpartum is a special period of the women＇s life when women have lots of changes in endocrine system,and therefore the undesired pregnancy during postpartum has serious influence on women＇s health.For now,the main methods of postpartum contraception at home and abroad including the lactational amenorrhea contraception（LAM）,barrier contraception,intrauterine devices（IUD）,hormonal contraception,ligation contraception and so on.However,there is no standard postpartum contraceptive system in China,How to reduce the undesired pregnancy during one year after postpartum,decrease the high risk abortions and promote the maternal and child health are the focus of family planning work.