葫芦耐湿涝遗传改良方法研究进展

Genetic Improvement of Waterlogging Tolerance in Gourd

培育高耐湿涝的葫芦品种是一项应对湿害和涝害的重要措施。根据有关文献综述了葫芦科作物在耐湿涝遗传改良方面的研究进展,主要包括葫芦耐湿涝野生资源及其进化,基于生理的包括根的形态、保护酶活性、叶绿素含量、光合速率等主要指标与相关分子标记的葫芦耐湿涝鉴定,加快葫芦耐湿涝的选育进程,以及利用基因工程转入包括活性氧清除、胁迫蛋白等在内的外源基因,提高葫芦的耐湿涝性。并对目前葫芦耐湿涝遗传改良过程中存在的问题及未来的应对策略进行了探讨与展望。

Use of high waterlogging tolerant varieties is an important measure for gourd production under waterlogging condition.The genetic improvement of gourd tolerance to waterlogging is reviewed in this article.The research in this area includes wild gourd species for waterlogging tolerance;the evolution and identification of waterlogging tolerance based on physiological index,including the root morphology,protective enzyme activity,chlorophyll content,photosynthetic rate,and molecular markers to accelerate the progress of gourd breeding;and the genetic engineering with exogenous genes,including antioxidant protection and stress related proteins,for enhancing the gourd tolerance to waterlogging stress.The present problems and future strategies of the genetic improvement of gourd tolerance to waterlogging stress are also discussed.