基于能量均衡的无线传感器网络生命周期延长策略

Energy Balanced-based Lifetime Prolonging Strategies of Wireless Sensor Network

为了从能量均衡角度出发解决无线传感器网络生命周期延长问题,从而延长整个物联网生命周期,针对无线传感器网络节点遭遇"路由空洞"的时候出现路由中断和生命周期缩短现象,分析能量消耗原理,构建最优跳数模型和能量均衡协议,并提出采用能量均衡的思路减少节点能量消耗。实验仿真发现,应用能量均衡协议使无线传感器网络节点能量分布更加均匀,节点能量消耗时间明显变长,而个别节点能量消耗速度明显大于其他节点的情况得以减少,达到延长无线传感器网络生命周期的目的。仿真结果验证了该方法的可行性。

The main purpose of this research is to solve the lifetime of wireless sensor network （WSN） based on the energy balance, and then to prolong the lifetime of the entire internet of things. Aiming at the phenomena of routing break occurring and lifetime of WSN shortening when WSN nodes encounter the routing hole, this paper analyzes the principle of energy consumption, so an energy consumption model is established to analyze the optimal number of hops, and a new routing protocol model based on energy balance is built. Through the experiment simulation, it discovers that the energy distribution of WSN nodes becomes evener in application of energy balance protocol, the time of sensor node＇ s energy consumption gets obviously longer, and even the phenomena that the energy consumption speed of some sensor node is bigger than the others becomes less than ever obviously. In the way, the lifetime of WSN will be prolonged. The result demonstrates the feasibility of the method based on energy balance.