“旱涝急转”对水稻生长发育的影响及其有关问题的思考

Effects of Drought-floods Abrupt Alternation on Growing Development of Rice and Consideration for Related Issues

近年来我国很多地区,尤其是长江中下游地区发生了快速、剧烈的"旱涝急转"事件,造成农作物大幅度减产。介绍"旱涝急转"的概念及内涵,阐明干旱胁迫、湿涝胁迫及"旱涝急转"对水稻生长发育、产量、品质、根系活力、生理特性的影响以及不同水稻基因型对其反应的差异性,概述水稻"旱涝急转"最新研究进展,提出"旱涝急转"灾害的预防与补救措施,就培育抗旱和耐涝水稻品种的研究前景进行展望。

In recent years natural disasters like the fast and severe drought-floods abrupt alternation continuously occurred in many areas in China,especially in the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River,causing a heavy decrease in crop production.This paper introduced the concept and connotation of the drought-floods abrupt alternation and illustrated the effects of drought stress,waterlogging stress and the drought-floods abrupt alternation on rice（including its growth,yield,quality,root activity,physiological characteristics）,and differences of different rice gene-types’ reaction.The latest research progress in the drought-floods abrupt alternation was also summarized.Precautionary and remedial measures were proposed for the drought-floods abrupt alternation disaster.Additionally,research prospects were suggested to further develop new rice varieties with drought-resistance and flood-resistance in the future.