内蒙古自治区地质灾害与地质环境的关系分析

Analysis on Relationship Between Geological Hazards and Geological Environment in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

地质灾害的形成受地质环境条件中多种要素的综合控制,二者之间密切相关。这些要素包括地形地貌、气象特征、植被生态、地层岩性、地质构造、岩土体类型、人类工程活动。根据内蒙古自治区内地质灾害调查工作的研究程度及区内地质灾害的自身特点,以区内已发生灾害的大量统计数据为基础,定性分析了在何种地质环境条件下,才可能发育崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、地面塌陷灾害;定量分析了地形坡度、地形高差、沟谷流域特征、降雨量在某一具体分布范围内,才容易发育某种地质灾害;同时论述了人类工程活动对地质灾害的诱发作用。

Geological disaster is closely related with geological environment condition, for its formation is con- trolled by many factors of the geological environment condition as terrain topography, meteorological characteristics, vegetation ecology, lithology, geological structure, rock and soil types and human engineering activities. According to the research degrees of investigation of geological disasters in the region and its self characteristics of the regional geological disasters, and based on a large number of statistics for the disasters, geological environment conditions in which collapse, landslides, mudslides and ground subsidence could possibly developed. Terrain slope, terrain ele- vation and valley basin characteristics are quantitatively analyzed. It is shown that certain geological disasters are easy to be developed in a specific rainfall distribution. Meanwhile the inducing functions of human engineering ac- tivities for geological disasters are discussed.