美国金融监管权力评析

Comments on the American Financial Supervision Power

在美国复杂的金融监管体制背景下,要给金融稳定监管委员会配置恰如其分的监管权力是一件非常困难的事情。《多德-弗兰克法》结合美国国情尽可能地赋予金融监管委员会相对充分的监管权力,以便它能够充分履行职责。美国金融稳定监管委员会的权力配置有一些值得借鉴,这些优点包括强大的信息收集权、较全面的宏观审慎监管决策权、金融监管协调权和相关政策建议权。但是,金融稳定监管委员会的权力配置也存在一些缺憾,因为《多德-弗兰克法》没有让它总揽宏观审慎监管决策权,也没有赋予它宏观审慎监管执行权、宏观经济政策建议权和金融危机处置权。

Under the complex background of financial regulatory system in the United States, it is a very difficult thing to give appropriate regulatory powers to the financial stability supervision council. According to the national conditions, the Dodd -Frank act has given as much as possible relatively sufficient financial regulatory powers to the finan- cial stability supervision council, so that it can fully perform its duties. Power allocation of the financial stability supervision council has some advantages for reference, including powers of information collection, comprehensive decision -making on macro -prudential regulation, financial regulation coordination and related policy suggestion. However, the power configuration of the financial stability supervision council also has some disadvantages, because the Dodd - Frank act did not let it monopolize all macro - prudential regulation decision- making, also without giving it powers related about macro -prudential regulation en- forcement, macroeconomic policy suggestion and financial crisis disposition.