6016铝合金挤压成形规律及工艺优化研究

RESEARCH ON THE EXTRUSION FORMING RULE AND PROCESS PLAN OPTIMIZATION OF 6016 ALUMINUM

在6016铝合金本构方程研究的基础上,采用正交实验方法,运用有限元分析软件Hyperworks的HyperXtrude模块,模拟研究该铝合金挤压成形规律,优化了挤压工艺方案。结果表明:挤压温度随着挤压速度升高而升高,但高速挤压时可能出现型材金属过热甚至重熔问题。挤压温度随着坯料预热温度升高近似线性升高。挤压力随着预热温度的升高而降低,挤压力随着挤压速度的提高有所升高,但并不明显。挤压区压力严重不均匀,需提高润滑效果,减小摩擦造成的挤压力衰减。工艺优化得到金属流速均匀、型材变形小的工艺方案。

Based on the constitutive equation of aluminum alloy 6016, the law of this aluminum alloy extrusion was studied, and the extrusion process scheme was optimized by means of orthogonal experiment method and finite element software. The results showed that the extrusion temperature increased with the increasing of extrusion speed, but metal overheating even remehing problem might occur during high speed extrusion. Extrusion temperature was elevated approximately linearly with the billet preheating temperature, and the extrusion pressure was reduced with the increasing of preheating temperature. The extrusion pressure slightly increased with the improved extrusion speed. The extrusion pressure in the compression zone was severely uneven, so the lubrication during extrusion should be improved in order to reduce the extrusion pressure attenuation caused by friction. An optimal process scheme was proposed to achieve uniform metal flow velocity and minimal deformation.